Electric-arc lamp.



2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

PI M. CAPITAINE. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLIOATION FILED Nov.11, 19p?.

h fr

ZZ mw 2 'Figi No. 897,960. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908. A P. M. CAPITAINE.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. APPLICATION FILED Nov.11, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.ma no. hm 11n .ma ma 2h F d 11D i. .w 1r P 1h e. 2h hh e 'ms NoRRls Firmes co1. wAsmNcraN. n. c.

UNITED sTATEs PIERRE MARIE CAPITAINE, OF LES LILAS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 8, 1908.

Application filed November 11, 1907. Serial No. 401,696.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PIERRE MARIE CAPI- TAINE, a citizen of the French Republic, and resident of Les Lilas, Seine, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an electric arc lamp, the regulating system of which possesses very great sensitivityT securing a perfect driving forward of the carbons and regulating their position instantaneously as soon as it is necessary.

This lamp comprises, in principle, two wheels mounted on the same axis and having wound around their periphery in opposite directions the two threads su porting the carbon-holders and a beam oscillating on the same axis as the wheels and acted upon by two electrodes, the one of which is in series and the other in derivation. The beam carries a special type of brake which, according to the inclination of the beam, either leaves the axle of the wheels supporting the carbonholders entirely free, so that the carbons can drive forward freely, or permits a slow driving forward of the carbons, the speed of the motion being moderated through the action of the brake, or, finally, to completely prevent the unwinding of the threads from the drums. The brake acts upon the axle of the drums through the intermediary of a reducing speed gear, which permits to exert with a feeble energy, an energetic braking action. The brake, preferably comprises a' spur wheel which, according to the position of the beam', is in gear or not with a toothed wheel connected with the axle of the drums through the reducing speed gear. This spur wheel is rigidly connected with a paddle wheel which in revolving strikes with its wings against a body suspended on a iiexible thread whereby the braking of the rotation of the paddle wheel is effected.

In the accompanying drawings the invention is illustrated by way of example only.

Figure l is a front view of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig., 3 is a similar view as that shown in Fig. l, partly in section. Fig. 4 is a ground plan corresponding to Fig. 8.

As shown in the drawings, the lamp comprises a frame consisting of the plates a, al, a2, of the vertical supports t connecting said plates and of the guides t1 for the carbonholders. The upper carbon holder c and the lower carbon holder d are respectively suspended on the threads c1 and d1 which are wound in opposite directions on two drums e, f keyed upon the axle g; this axle revolves freely on the two arms h which form the beam. The beam is supported by two prisms h1, which are mounted upon two supports h2, rigidly connected with the vertical supports t. At the ends of the beam the cores y', jl of the two electro-magnets l and k1 are suspended on chains i, il. The positive electro-magnet k is placed in series in the circuit and the negative electro-magnet k1 is placed in derivation.

The core of the negative electro-magnet 761 is connected with the piston of a special dashpot l. This dash-pot consists of a cylinder m in which moves the vpiston m1 which is hollow; the rod n of this piston is fixed to the core jl and is independent from the piston m1, traversing without friction its top plate and adapted to act upon the piston through a disk nl. It is evident that this dash-pot does not impede the motion of core jll as long as disk nl moves between the bottom of the cylinder and the top plate of the piston, but, when rod n has been sufficiently lifted to bring disk nl in contact with the top plate of the piston and lifts the same, this disk acts like a valve and the air can only very slowly enter the piston whereby a resistance is created. hen, after the piston has ascended in the cylinder, rod n descends, it freely passes through the piston. A toothed wheel o keyed upon axle g is adapted to gear with a pinion 01, which is rigidly connected with a wheel p. A bracket g is provided at one end of the beam, to 'which the chain il is attached g this bracket has a small pinion r, mounted on an axle r1 which further serves as axle for a flying-pinion s; in proximity of the flyingwheel a ball s1 is suspended. According to the position of beam h, the pinion r is in gear 'with wheel p, as shown in Fig. 3, or separated from the same as per Fig. l. The current arrives in the apparatus from terminal t, passing through wire t1, traverses the positive electro-magnet 7c and, through wire flows to a fixed terminal u which through a flexible wire u1 is connected with the upper part of the upper carbon-holder c. A The current passes through the carbons to the lower carbon-holder, the bottom end of which is connected through a flexible wire o1 with a fixed terminal o which through wire is connected with the terminal y. J

The negative electro-magnet is in derivation between the terminals u and v, so that even when the current should for any reason whatsoever not pass through the carbons, it will pass through said electro-magnet.

The operation of the device is as follows Vhen no current passes through the lamprv the beam inclines under the weight of the core of the negative electro-magnet, which is predominant and it assumes the position shown in Fig. l. In this position, the inclination of the beam is such that pinion r is out of gear with wheel p. Consequently the axle g is made independent from the brake g it can freely turn under the action of the weight of the upper carbon-holder, which is the heavier of the two; this action brings the" carbons together. If now current is sent into the lamp, it will, the several parts being in the position indicated, pass through the carbons and traverse the electro-magnet in series c; this electro-magnet attracts its core whereby the beam is inclined in the direction of the arrow l and pinion r is brought into gear with wheel The pressure exerted upon said wheel through the tension of chain il, locks this 'wheel on its axle and prevents any rotation of axle g. The beam and the 'gearing act together as if there were only a beam to which the threads c, c1 and the chains i, il were attached. The inclination of the beam separates the carbons sufficiently to produce the arc. The distance between the points of the carbons is at this moment automatically regulated through the differential action of the two electro-magnets which have the tendency to make the beam assume the position of equilibrium corresponding to the quantities of current which pass in each electro-magnet.

When the points of the carbons have consumed and the carbons have to be moved forward, the current passing in the electromagnet in series, diminishes and the action of the electro-magnet in derivation becomes predominant the beam oscillates in the direction of arrow 2 in lowering the pinion r. Hereby the pressure of the pinion of wheel p is reduced, the pinion remaining however in gear with the wheel under the action of the weight of the upper carbon-holder. The axle can revolve and the threads c1, d1 can unwind, whereby the carbons are moved forward. The axle g, in revolving, takes along the wheels o, o1; pinion 1' being in gear with wheel p, the flying-pinion s, 'which is rigidly connected with pinion r, is forced to revolve; its 'wings strike against the ball s1 whereby a resistance is effected and the rotation of axle g is braked so that the carbons move slowly. Vhen this motion is no longer sufficient, the beam inclines farther inthe direction of the arrow 2 and, the contact between wheel p and pinion r ceasing, wheel p is set free the carbons now can rapidly move senseo forward, as there is nothing to prevent the quick unwinding of the threads c1, d1.

It is evident that the moving forward of the carbons will be effected under any circumstances and that, according to requirement, the moving forward can be quick or slackened through the action of the brake.` At the moment when the axle of the drums is free, no resistance prevents its rotation. Consequently, the weight of the upper carbonholder is always sufficient for securing the moving forward of the carbons. It is further evident that, owing to the multiplication of the wheels r, p, o, 01 a feeble effort of the electro-magnet k1 is sufficient to produce an energetic braking of axle g. The dashpot prevents the sudden attraction of the core of the positive electro-magnet at the moment when the' current is sent into the lamp. On the other hand, this dash-pot does not in the least oppose the motions caused through the negative electro-magnet. Finally, the play of rod fn of the dash-pot in the piston m1 permits for a certain length of the rod, the displacements of the same without resistance in both directions, it gives a great independency to the beam at the moment when the position of said beam is regulated and consequently when the positions of the carbons are regulated. At the moment when the beam is nearly horizontal (Fig. 3), axle g is lockedV with the brake and the disk nl is slightly below the piston m1 and ready to lift this piston when the beam should incline in the direction of the arrow l. In this position the mechanism operates with great sensibility.

The special braking device composed of pinion r and wheels has a double advantage; owing to the'brake being coupled through the meshing of toothed gearings, in a certain position of the beam, a sliding of the parts upon one another isy absolutely prevented,

which could not be obtained through other means, or through friction coupling. The slackening caused through the shocks of ball s1 on the wings of the flying-wheel s is sufliciently important to obtain througha feeble multiplication between the axle g and the wheel s, a notable speed reducing.

The arrangement of the several parts are described and shown by way of example, the shape, dimensions and constructional details to be modified according to requirements without departing from the idea of the invention.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is ln an electric arc lamp in combination with the two carbon-holders suspended to threads wound upon drums4 mounted -upon the same axle, with a beam tothe ends of which the chains for the cores of the electromagnets are attached, one of which is in derivation and the other in series, a braking de- 'vice comprising in combination a pinion and a flying-pinion, a heavy body suspended in proximity of the flying pinion, so that its wings are adapted to strike against said body, an axle for the pinion and the flying pinion mounted at one end of the beam, a speed reducing gearing, connecting said braking device with the axle of the drums for the carbon-holders, a spur wheel between the pinion of the braking device and the speed reducing gearing, and a dash-pot connected with the core of the negative electro-magnet, having a hollow piston a cylinder for said piston, a

piston rod which freely passes through the top plate of said hollow piston, a disk at the end of the piston for lifting the piston when the rod is in a certain position, substantially as described and shown and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing wite' nesses. l

PlERRE MARIE CAPI'IAhUi).-

Vitnesses:

W. F, FALLAMY, DEAN B. MASON. 

